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Lang Son




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Lang Son has for long had national repute as a year round entertainment centre. Attractions include Dong Dang, Ky Lua Market, Vong Phu mountain peak and Tam Thanh Grotto. All are said to be very attractive to visitors who are seeking scenic beauty or delicious food and drink. Lang Son is a province located on the northeastern borderline of Vietnam. Therefore, its location is also very significant militarily, politically, economically and culturally. The province has favorable climatic conditions and is home to some valuable fruits such as pears, plums and Japanese persimmons.

Attractive and grotesque grottoes:
Visitors from far always regard Lang Son as home to some grotesque grottoes, especially the Tam Thanh Grottoes which are located about one kilometer from the centre of the town. Tam Thanh Grottoes actually comprise three separate grottoes : Nhat Thanh, Nhi Thanh and Tam Thanh. The most famous is Tam Thanh which is located on the western end of Ky Lua street. The grotto is on the slopes of a low limestone mountain range. The grotto resembles a crouching elephant on a vast grassy field. The entrance to the grotto is only eight meters above the food of the mountain range. It is accessible through a flight of 30 stone steps carved deep into the mountain slope. The entrance to the grotto is almost obscured from sunlight because it is covered a dense foliage of trees. High on the wall to the right side of the entrance there remains a poem carved deep into the stone. The poem was written by Ngo Thi Si (1726 - 1780) when he was stationed in Lang Son as the commander of the Lang Son military post. Ngo Thi Si praised the beauty of the magnificent mountain and landscapes possessed by Lang Son. The verses run as follows : "Flows of clean pure white stream water run over hundreds of pieces of marble as if it is talking. Turn one's back to the stream and look up to a high mountain peak in the from can see the Vong Phu peak". Inside the grotto is a statute of Buddha. Many stalactites and stalagmites make the grotto look more grotesque and mystical.

Ngo Thi Si was the person who discovered the Nhi Thanh Grotto which is nearby Tam Thanh. He had the newly discovered grotto refurbished so as to make it an attractive place for sight seeing. The name Nhi Thanh was chosen by Ngo Thi Si to commemorate his place of birth in the Ta Thanh Oai village in Thanh Oai district in Ha Tay province. To commemorate his great contributions to the grotto, Ngo Thi Si had his portrait carved on an interior wall.

Chi Lang Border :
The Chi Lang Border is in Chi Lang district, Lang Son province, 110 km from Hanoi and 60 km from the Sino-Vietnamese border.

The border consists of a valley surrounded by high mountains and through which runs the Thuong River. The mountains were opened in two locations to form two gates. The northern gate was named Quy Mon Quan, meaning "monster gate," after the Chinese invaders who entered Vietnam through this gate. The southern gate was called Ngo The, meaning "swearing gate." Vietnamese ancestors who swore to sacrifice their lives to protect their motherland and to prevent invaders from entering Vietnam via this border built the gates.

In was in this area that Le Hoan King defeated the Chinese Tong troops in 981 and killed all the enemies. In 1076, Prince Consort Than Canh Phuc set a front line against 300,000 Tong enemies. Led by Quach Quy in 1285, Nguyen Dia Le killed traitor Tran Kiem in the second National Resistance against Nguyen-Mong invaders. In 1427, Lam Son righteous army killed rebel leader Lieu Thang, caught Hoang Phuc, killed 10,000 Minh enemies, and overthrew all their maneuvers.

Now, Chi Lang Border is considered a historical vestige with imposing landscape where visitors stop to enjoy the natural scenery.

Mau Son, the Princess on the mountain :
With the wind whistling up and the cloud floating down, the sky seems within hands reach. The panorama from the highest peak in Lang Son region is like a Chinese ink drawing. To the north is Ninh Minh, China, to the east is Na Duong and to the West is Dong Dang, all merging beautifully into one spectacular landscape.

It is about 30 kilometers from Lang Son town to Mau Son. The winding narrow mountain path, like a snake, lies tucked between 2 steep mountains. Sometimes, beautiful Dao girls in festive embroidered clothing flag down the car for a lift. With their traditional dresses and bright smiles, they are as naturally beautiful as their mountain homeland.

About seventy years ago before this path existed, there were only two ways to the top, walking or on horseback. At that time, this panoramic area attracted the French to Mau Son for relaxation. The weather was cool all year round and in addition, the Dear Mountain View of the northeast was the gateway to China, and the French built a military base there at the start of the 20 the century to guard the border. The site's original inhabitants, members of the Dao ethnic minority, were moved to make way for the French settlement. Only authorized personnel were permitted to enter the French base.

Later, Mau Son tourists were also welcome to the hill station. In January 1936, Dr.O.Pflot, a student of the famous bacteriologist Dr. Alexandre Yersin, visited Mau Son. Some local people say that the doctor first came to Mau Son to collect traditional medicinal herbs, which were cultivated in die region. And then, he petitioned Mr Tholace, the then French governor of the north, for permission to build tourist villas at the site. In 1936 he got the goaded to buy land and to start construction. There were thousands of local people working on the project, all mining, breaking and carrying stones to bad a number of massive villas, all in all it took seven years of work to accomplish this task. There were no bricks available to build with, the only materials available were stones. bled to ruins. Blocks of orange moss-covered stories are scattered throughout the site, lying dead amongst the old foundations, where even now, it is possible to identify the houses former kitchens, fireplaces and staircases.  Like sleeping beauty, after almost five decades, it was all but forgotten. Until 1987 motorbikes were not even allowed onto the torturous road up the mountain.

Finally, Mau Son was woken up by its reputation whispered by visitors. Firstly, by residents of the surrounding area , followed by visitors from China and lowland Vietnam. Mau Son's door to the past has been opened again. When the French built their villas, they probably could not imagine a day when Mau Son would welcome all visitors. But today, Mau Son's residents want to share their home's secluded beauty with the world.

Tam Thanh Grottoes :
Situated near the city of Lang Son in Lang Son province, Tam Thanh Grottoes include three grottoes: Nhat Thanh, Nhi Thanh, and Tam Thanh. The most famous is Tam Thanh Grotto, lying west of Ky Lua Street. Its door is approximately 8 m high, opening to a corridor with 30 stone steps carved into the mountain. There are dense groves hiding the grotto from the sun. Poet Ngo Thi Si (1726–1780) carved one of his texts on the grotto wall while he was a Mandarin guard in Lang Son. The poem praises the magnificent natural beauty of the area, more specifically the sound of the water stream falling on hundreds of rocks, almost like a graceful murmur. Vong Phu Mountain, meaning "waiting for a husband," is located nearby. Here, one can explore a grotto with marvelous stalactites and a statue of Buddha.

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